P-13 四級化アンモニウム基を有するセラミックス膜の共存下におけるベジタブルオイルの超音波処理(ポスターセッション)
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Introduction Sonochemistry effects applied in membrane technology can attribute to several non-equilibrium reactions that are because of formed active species under ultrasound (US). A large number of reactions have been conducted in US field. Heterogeneous reaction systems related with membranes have also been a few evidence in sonochemistry. We have studied that acoustic irradiation causes the enhanced emulsification reaction of vegetable oil in the presence of ceramic membranes having quaternized ammonium group. Thus, commercial vegetable oil can be hydrolyzed under US in the presence of alumina (Al_2O_3) ceramic membranes having quatemized ammonium group, because of sonochemical liquid-liquid heterogeneous reaction being remarkably accelerated on the alkali surface. Experiments The surface of Al_2O_3 ceramic membrane was modified by dip-coating with acidic methanol solution containing 3% silane coupling agent, octadecyl dimethyl (3-trimethoxy silyl propyl) ammonium chloride for 20 min. The dip-coated ceramic membranes were dried in compact incubator at 70℃ for 40 min. This procedure was repeated several times to increase the thickness of the active layer. After the surface treatment process, resultant membranes were washed with large amount of methanol and then dried again at 30℃ for further 12 hr. Hydrolysis of vegetable oil was carried out in the US multi-cleaner with 300 W output power. Three frequencies of ultrasound were used in these experiments, which were 28, 45 and 100 kHz. For the reaction, 0.5 ml of oil and 9.5cm^2 of treated ceramic membrane (2.8 g) were added to 50 ml of water and then US was irradiated under stirring for different time of 90, 180 and 270 mm, respectively. Results and discussion The treated alumina membrane surface contained cation group was obtained in the acidic alcohol solution of silane coupling agent as shown in scheme 1. The coated membrane was used to treat the vegetable oil under US field. IR spectrum of treated vegetable oil with different frequency showed that C-H stretching and C-H bending were observed at 2924 and 1463 cm^<-1>. Normal C=O stretching absorption band of carboxylic group and saturated aliphatic esters were also observed at 1747 and 1166 cm^<-1>. Based on US frequency, the reaction intensity changed highly in 28 and 45 kHz. It was also found that the hydrolysis reaction of vegetable oil in 28 kHz US field was improved by increase of irradiation time. Therefore, ultrasound of low frequency was effective for oil reaction, which was caused by the sonic effect on the quaternized ammonium surface.
- 日本ソノケミストリー学会の論文
- 2004-11-11
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