P-6 超微小電極を用いる超音波反応場の解析
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概要
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The effect of intense ultrasound on chemical processes is a field which is attracting much attention in both fundamental and applied researches in recent years. When a liquid is irradiated with ultrasound with high intensity, it may be rupture to form bubbles or cavities. This phenomenon is called acoustic cavitation which is accompanied by generating extreme local temperature (〜 5000 K) and pressure (〜 500 atm) on a sub-microsecond time scale. However, the cavitation generated by power ultrasound is very complex physical and chemical phenomenon. In this study, an alternative method was applied to investigate the cavitation phenomena using an ultramicroelectrode as an acoustic probe. It was demonstrated that that ultramicroelectrodes are essentially suited for the investigation of cavitation events at the solid/liquid interface because they are small enough on comparing with the cavitational bubbles. Hence, the lifetime of the cavitation, the activities of individual cavitational bubbles and their distribution in the vicinity of the electrode can be determined directly. Moreover, as the currents measured at ultramicroelectrodes are so small that the signals at noise level are easily recorded, and thus, might be used as a probe for the acoustic noise analysis. Microelectrodes are also ideally used for the fast sweep voltammetry because their inherently low capacitive current and low iR drop. They are facilitated for in situ monitoring the chemical reaction in ultrasonic field, and give a great deal of experimental flexibility in sonochemical methodology.
- 日本ソノケミストリー学会の論文