48.天売島における林帯造成について(会員研究発表講演)

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Teuri island is situated in the Japan Sea, about 30km off the shore of northwest Hokkaido. Population of the island was 1,512 in 1965 on the fishery and seasonal tourism and now it is decreasing rapidly because of the depression of coasting fishery. Patched fields cultivated by fishermen on 5 terraces are now abandoned and, therefore, the shelterbelt project must seek another object to be protected ; e.g., house- and road-proteeion against snow and avalanche (Fig. 10), or forests for clean and non-exhausted water. The island seems to be isolated about 17,000 years ago from Hokkaido proper, and the natural stands or trees without large seed sources have seeked naked grounds- by rupture of surface soils or by ash fall (Kuroboku soil)- without pre-existing vegetation, within this small space (Fig. 8). Topographic change as an invasional factor happens to be related to the life cycle or life range and, therefore, it influences on the development of trees grouped more essentially than climate as an anti-growing factor. A willow (Salix sp., Photo. 1) by wood-cutting, Japan larch (Larix leptolepis,.Fig, 6) and belt-planted alder (Alnus hirsuta) formed pioneer thickets or belts on the island. The time-honoured indigenous trees on the island are Itaya-maple (Acer mono, Fig. 5), Kalopanax, Phellodendron, Morus, Quercus, etc. They will compose shelterbelts by the combination of pioneers and slow-growing trees (Fig. 9). The study of the relation between species and damages seems to cause a negative result. However, the investigation of the combination of species with methods must cause a positive one. A systematic methods of land-preparation, cultivation, pioneer bush, proper trees and regeneration must compose an ideal shelterbelt engineering. Both theoretical and practical preparations with materials and methods in shelterbelt establishment will be able to fit to the current and varied purposes- protections of cropland, meadow, forest, orchard, wildlife, buildings, etc.- in this isolated, small island.
北方森林学会の論文
1972-03-02

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