1890〜1930年の日本の火力発電所ボイラー市場をBabcock & Wilcox社が独占した過程とその技術的理由

概要

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In japanese power plants, water-tube boilers had been used since the end of nineteenth century. By 1910, water-tube boilers for japanese battleships had come to be manufactured in Japan. But most of boilers in the japanese power plants were made by Babcock & Wilcox Co. in United States or England. In this paper, the author has analyzed what the most important factor was for Babcock & Wilcox boilers to be equipped in japanese power plants, and has examined the reason why few boilers made by japanese factories used in the power plants. Babcock & Wilrox Co. got the first patant for the water-tube boiler in 1867, and worked out main technical problems in their boilers before 1880. So the boilers made by Babcock & Wilcox Co. were spreaded widely in United States by the end of nineteenth century. One of the merits of the Babcock & Wilrox boiler was the good water circulation system, but some other water-tube boilers, the Heine boiler or the Miyahara boiler for example, had also the same merits. A more impotant merit peculiar to the Babcock & Wilrox boiler was the high durability during to the absence of deteriorating strains, and so the boilers seldom required repairs.
日本科学史学会の論文
1992-03-25