学力テスト政策の変遷とその法的問題点 : 1960年代と2000年代の比較(III <特集3>新学力テスト政策を考える)

概要

論文の詳細を見る
Japanese education since the Second World War started under both the new Constitution of Japan and the Fundamental Law of Education. This new education is based on the spirit of the academic freedom of teachers and local autonomy, demolishing the centralized administrative framework. Children were unconstrained and given latitude under the new education. But people wondered if they achieved sufficient academic ability or not. To get evidence of the children's academic achievement level, Ministry of Education started the national test in 1956, which was developed in order to test all the Japanese children at grades 8 and 9 in 1961.This test was originally planned in terms of the human resources management. Japan Teachers' Union (JTU) opposed the test, which, they assured, would inevitably cause the national competition both among schools and among children. The result of the National test lead to what JTU expected. It was abolished in 1966. Coming to the 21st century, however, the new National Achievement Test was introduced in 2007, because of the decline in the result of the OECD test, especially in 2003. This new test again brought about an 'Academic contest' both among schools and among children, without finding any measures that could improve the children's educational circumstances. On top of this bad influence this new test is expected to violate the Act of local administration management (1956).
日本教育政策学会の論文
2010-07-10