プロイセン三月前期州議会審議における「私」「公」言説 : 教育史研究にみられる国家認識再考

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[1] In the history of public education in Prussia, the significance of Vormarz (before march, 1848) cannot be understated. Although there is historical research on legislation of government administration of uniform education, also known as Suvern's "national education," demonstrative research on the historical meaning of "public" education has not been thoroughly studied. This paper will read the discourse of "public" and "private" found in the deliberations of the State Diet and determine what "public" education meant in this context. The only research to date is Masui's "Demonstrative Research on Acculturation and Social Discipline Associated with The Organization of School Districts in Modern German Society." This paper relies on Masui's research, but uses the proceedings of the Rhine State Diet for the first time in or out of the field. [2] The Prussian State Diet recognized itself not as an administrative partner, but as a control mechanism. This intention pierced through all deliberations, and the view that an educational system is a concern for the community is also expressed in the elementary school regulation of the state- "Gemeinde Prinzip" (Masui). I think that this information will challenge accepted theory, requiring a fundamental revision. In the Prussian State, the concrete conception of "die allgemeine Volks-Bildung" was not yet discussed, and "public" was used only to refer to "public poor relief," state poorhouses funded by state fiscal resources. In the Westfalen State Diet, "public welfare," "public" roads and riverways, as well as "public" domain as an object of administrative regulation in everyday life was discussed. On the matter of school subsidies, "public" came to hold the same meaning as "public welfare" did in Prussia. [3] In the Rhine State Diet, it has been discovered that a "public education" ("Voksbildung") plan was discussed. Although the "nation" was not referred to in this "public education" ("Voksbildung") plan, "public education" essentially overlapped with Suvern's "national education." This overlap was not discussed in the Prussian State Diet, but the national education plan of Suvern was revived in the Rhine State. From this special feature Prussian educational history may be determined. In the deliberations of the three State Diets in the 1840s, we cannot determine "the most powerful" regulation, or sovereignty over national education held by the bureaucracies of the various Ministries of Education. In the three State Diets, the pluralistic arguments that cannot be read through the lens of national awareness developed. This article considers only one aspect of this development; understanding the historical entirety of "public" education within the discourse of the State Diets is a subject for future discourse.
教育史学会の論文
2005-10-01

著者

増井三夫
上越教育大学

プロイセン三月前期州議会審議における「私」「公」言説 : 教育史研究にみられる国家認識再考

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