モデリング法の活性要因について(<特集>臨床的諸問題をめぐって)
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概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
During the past decade, clinical research has demonstrated the efficacy of modeling procedures in reducing avoidance behavior in both children and adults. A review of current literature on modeling indicates, however, that modeling is used in combination with other therapeutic components, such as behavioral rehearsal and relaxation training among many others, thereby making it difficult to assess the independent effectiveness of modeling. First, an attempt was made to derive an operational definition of modeling procedures as behavior influence technique. Second, major attempts were made to elucidate active ingredients in modeling: Establishment and demonstration of behavioral criterion; instruction; and the manner of presenting modeled stimuli to phobic subjects. It was argued that modeling is the only behavior change technique which sects and demonstrates specific behavioral criterion to the observer/client. It was suggested that instruction alone may prove efficacious in modeling for those who avoid phobic stimuli because they don't know how to act. Whether "graduated modeling" or "rapid exposure of modeled stimuli" is more efficacious was discussed on context of the principle of vicarious extinction and step-wise behavioral skill training. Third, conditions influencing imitative behaviors were discussed. The role of reinforcement in modeling was discussed. Further, it was argued that the act of modeling is not automatic. Finally, some methodological considerations in using clinical analogues were provided with respect to therapist/model variables, subject characteristics, and the assessment of avoidance behavior. Throughout the paper, the need for clarifying components of modeling was stressed.
- 日本行動療法学会の論文
- 1976-08-31