Oscillatory Corticomuscular Coupling as a Determinant of Motor Precision and Quickness

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Both cortical activity (measured by electroencephalogram, EEG) over the sensorimotor cortex and muscle activity (measured by electromyogram, EMG) are known to show oscillations at around 20 Hz, so-called "β-oscillations", during tonic isometric voluntary contractions of weak-to-moderate intensity. Using coherence analysis, we are able to quantitatively evaluate the linear correlation between these two signals in the frequency domain. Although corticomuscular coherence had initially been thought of as an efferent phenomenon that simply reflected the propagation of central oscillations to the periphery via the corticospinal tract, it is now recognized as a complex phenomenon with contributions from both motor and somatosensory pathways. Despite progress in identifying the mechanisms underlying the generation of corticomuscular coherence, the functional roles played by this coupling in movement control are still unknown To address this issue, we conducted a large-scale experiment examining between-participant variance in EEG-EMG coherence in 100 healthy young individuals. We were able to demonstrate that EMG activation patterns, such as the strength of the β-oscillation in EMG, differ among individuals depending on the magnitude of EEG-EMG coherence. Next, we examined the role of EMG β-oscillations generated by EEG-EMG coherence on motor performance, particularly focusing on motor precision, assessed by measuring force steadiness during a tonic isometric voluntary contraction task, and motor quickness, assessed by measuring reaction time in a ballistic contraction task following a preliminary tonic contraction. In this review, I introduce new findings obtained from our recent research, and discuss the potential impacts of oscillatory corticomuscular coupling on motor function.
2013-07-00

Oscillatory Corticomuscular Coupling as a Determinant of Motor Precision and Quickness

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