Effects of atmospheric ammonia enrichment and nitrogen status on the growth of maize(Plant Nutrition)

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Enhanced atmospheric ammonia (NH_3) concentration could impact growth of crops. The effect of atmospheric NH_3 in combination with nitrogen-deprived and -sufficient supply (ND and NS, respectively) on growth of maize plants (Zea mays L.) was investigated. Plants were exposed to 0 and 1000 nL L^<-1> NH_3 for 50 days in open-top chambers (OTCs). At different growing stages after injecting NH_3, elevated NH_3 significantly increased plant height, leaf area per plant and shoot biomass (total biomass) in the nitrogen-deprived plants in 2006 and 2007, but the corresponding values in the nitrogen-sufficient plants remained the same or slightly decreased. The values for net photosynthesis rate (P_n) and relative content of chlorophyll (SPAD value) increased with NH_3 enhancement both in the presence and absence of nitrogen in nutrient solution, but the increment of P_n and SPAD value in nitrogen-deprived plants was two times higher than that of the nitrogen-sufficient plants in each year. The shoot: root ratio (S/R) for maize first decreased and then rose during the growing season. At 50 days after injecting NH_3, the S/R in the ND-1000 plants was significantly higher than that in the ND-0 plants in both years. Under these conditions, increased growth was observed, and it was concluded that the effect of atmospheric NH_3 on maize could be mainly due to the shoot growth response.
2012-02-00