国際化の概念と行政施策の方向性 : シンポジウム「教育の国際化と行政の課題」の総括(教育の国際化と行政の課題,II シンポジウム)

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概要

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• The number of foreign children in Japan has been increasing nowadays largely as a result of the increase of foreign laborers in Japanese society. This constitutes internationalization in that it involves the diversification of nationalities, cultures, languages, races, etc. There are some problems to be solved, however, in relation to their education. They should first of all be accepted into regular Japanese primary and secondary schools. Generally speaking, however, Japanese people have had negative attitudes or closed minds towards accepting foreigners. First our minds must be opened. This means that Japanese people's consciousness needs to be changed. We must recognize that all people, throughout the world, have a right to education, especially free compulsory education at least at the elementary level. When foreign children are accepted into regular schools, Japanese students and teachers will also inevitably internationalized. Methods and contents of teaching will have to be devised in order for foreign children to understand and learn Japanese language and culture. The teachers might need to be retrained in service, and some foreign teachers might have to be employed. Facilities and equipment in the schools might also need to be improved. These measures will require the assistance of educational administrators. Considerable additional finances will be required. This might collide with the closed minds (or selfishness) of the Japanese, and thus their enlightenment is all the more a necessity. Internationalization is now inevitable in Japan, but it must be examined closely, for it includes various aspects and meanings. There are many who insist on KOKUSAIKA (internationalization) and on KOKUSAISHUGI (internationalism). Some of them seem to be calling for SEKAIKA ("cosmopolitanization") or CHIKYUKA ("globalization") and SEKAISHUGI (cosmopolitanism) or CHIKYUSHUGI (globalism). But they do not distinguish between them clearly; that is, the difference between SEKAIKA (SEKAISHUGI) and KOKUSAIKA (KOKUSAISHUGI). The former, SEKAIKA, means unification of the world. If it means the social unification of people all over the world, it inevitably implies as a result, the political unification of existing nations and the ultimate dissolution of nations (that is the establishment of world power or a global administration). The latter, KOKUSAIKA, entails the continued existence of separate nation states, and can not be taken to imply the dissolution of existing states. KOKUSAI means the relationship or intercourse between nations (or states). Over time it seems that the human world has gradually evolved from small villages and communities to nation states and then to international organization, and it seems that it will evolve into one world (or global) state sometime in the future. In this perspective, KOKUSAIKA may be regarded as a step in the process toward SEKAIKA. When human order proceeds from KOKUSAIKA to SEKAIKA (the social and political unification of the world) in the future, full considertion will have to be given to the individuality of existing nations or states, to ethnic characteristics, freedom and human rights, etc., since any unification of power necessarily involves the sacrifices of the defeated, the weak, minorities, etc.

• 日本教育行政学会の論文
• 1993-10-09

著者

• 高木 英明

  京都大学

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