Effects of dicyandiamide (DCD) on nitrate leaching, gaseous emissions of ammonia and nitrous oxide in a greenhouse vegetable production system in northern China(Fertilizers and soil amendments)

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The excessive input of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and irrigation water to greenhouse vegetable production systems leads to N losses via nitrate (NO^-_3-N) leaching, ammonia (NH_3) volatilization and nitrous oxide (N_2O) emissions. Besides management of N fertilizer and irrigation inputs, the addition of the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD) has also been shown to mitigate N losses from soils. A greenhouse experiment was set up to identify the effects of combining DCD with recommended N and irrigation management on NO^-_3-N leaching, NH_3 volatilization and N_2O emissions under intensive vegetable production of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). The five treatments were: (A) control+TMI (traditional managed irrigation); (B) TN (traditional N rate applied at 410kg N ha^<-1>)+TMI; (C) RN (recommended N rate applied at 210kg N ha^<-1>)+DCD (21kg ha^<-1>)+OMI (optimum managed irrigation); (D) 80%RN (N rate applied at 80% of the recommended N rate, 168kg N ha^<-1>)+DCD (16.8kg ha^<-1>)+OMI; and (E) 120%RN (N rate applied at 120% of the recommend N rate, 252kg N ha^<-1>)+DCD (25.2kg ha^<-1>)+OMI. DCD was applied at the rate of 10% of the N application rate. The results showed that the recommended N rate and irrigation with the addition of DCD (RN+DCD+OMI, 80%RN+DCD+OMI, and 120%RN+DCD+OMI) can significantly reduce N loss as NO^-_3-N, NH_3 and N_2O. The average NO^-_3-N concentrations in the top soil depth were decreased by 49.34-55.54%, total NH_3 volatilization were decreased by 20.61-41.51%, and N_2O emission factors were reduced by 84.07-96.19%. In addition, the utilization efficiency of N was enhanced. However, there was no significant effect of the recommended N rate and DCD plus optimum managed irrigation on tomato yield. Overall, these results suggest that applying 80%RN+DCD+OMI may provide a practicable option for both mitigating N losses and improving utilization efficiency of N under intensive greenhouse vegetable production systems.
2012-10-00

Effects of dicyandiamide (DCD) on nitrate leaching, gaseous emissions of ammonia and nitrous oxide in a greenhouse vegetable production system in northern China(Fertilizers and soil amendments)

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