わが国医療制度の現状と問題点 (その1) (経営情報学部特集号)

概要

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Decades ago Japan rose from the rubbleof World War II setting two national goals; the first to catch up with advanced countries through economic development, not on the strength of military force; and the second to be born again as a welfare state. A globally growing trend then in Britain and various other counties, both victorious and defeated in the War, was to seek an ideal in building a welfare state. Japan was no exception in moving with the global tide. The ideal of welfare state was realized in Japan in 1961 with institution of the national health insurance system. As the backdrop of its creation suggests, the health insurance system had idealistic overtones. It incorporated the principles of universal coverage, little financial burden on the insured themselves, and matching contribution of insurance premiums by employer and employed. It was really true to the buzzword 'excellent and affordable healthcare for all individuals of the nation.' The health insurance system of Japan functioned very well for some time. The average life expectancy, for men and women alike, lengthened year by year until it climbed to the top of the world and then stayed there. Later on, however, with great changes that took place in the economic and social environment, the system began to show signs of strain and failure in various spheres.
2007-07-15