インドネシア,南スマトラ,ムアラ・ルピット地区の土壌 : グリッド法を基本とする土壌調査結果
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概要
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The area studied for transmigration settlement development in Muara Rupit, South Sumatra, Indonesia, mostly lies on dissected uplifted plain with rounded ridges and is covered by forest vegetation. Geologically, this area is mainly underlain by claystone, sandstone and andesite. Climate is tropical, as annual precipitation averages about 3,100mm and mean monthly temperature is more than 25℃ throughout the year. The soil may be differentiated into 5 groups, 8 types and 17 sub-types. This classification and grouping follows the result of soil examintion by auger boring and profile pits, based on a grid pattern. In the uplifted plain it is natural that Red-yellow soils predominate. These soils which may be divided into two groups (Group C and Group A) are mainly deep and clayey and have gradual horizon boundary, relativsry uniform profile, a thin A-horizon and a poorly developed layer of litter. Soils of Group C which are mainly found on gentle slopes and foot slopes in the uplifted plain have an indistinct accumulation of clay and subsoil with some mottles. These soils may be correlated with Dystric Cambisols of FAO-UNESCO (FAO) and/or Dystropepts of USDA Soil Taxonomy (ST). Soils of Group A, which are mainly found on sloping area have illuviated B-horizon and may be correlated with Dystric Acrisols of FAO or Tropudults of ST. Group A may be divided into two types, Type p^3 and Type p^4 in relation to soil development. The soils of p^3 have a marked illuviated B-horizon and a brown subsoil. The soils of p^4 are similar to those of p^3, except that they have a moderately illuviated B-horizon and a redder subsoil. The soils on flat plains at low elevation, mainly occurring along rivers, show hydromorphic properties and can be correlated with Dystric Fluvisols or Gleyic Fluvisoils of FAO and/or Tropofluvents of ST. These soils are usually moderately acid association with low base saturation and low exchangeable cations. Their phosphorus and nitrogen content minimal. The difference between Group C and Group A might result from their drainage condition in association with micro-topography.
- 日本ペドロジー学会の論文
- 1984-12-30