Associations between Mobility Restriction and Motor and Intellectual Impairments, and the Impact of Environmental Factors in Children with Disabilities

概要

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The present study was conducted to clarify associations between motor and intellectual impairments and mobility restriction, and the impact of environmental factors on the mobility of children in residential institutions for children with motor impairments. Mobility restriction was assessed using the 1^st and 4^th qualifiers defined in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Motor and intellectual impairments were characterized by gross motor function and intelligent quotient, respectively. The relationship between mobility restriction and the two impairments was examined using Spearman's rank correlation analysis. The 1^st and 4^th qualifiers in mobility were moderately correlated to both motor and intellectual impairments. The correlation coefficient for the 1^st qualifier was somewhat smaller than that for the 4^th qualifier. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated that the 1^st qualifier was significantly smaller than the 4^th qualifier in mobility (p<0.001). The present results suggest that mobility restriction is influenced not only by motor impairments, but also by intellectual impairments. The contextual assistances are considered to play an important role in reducing the impact of motor and intellectual impairments and improving mobility.