東ティモールの独立過程に見る人権と自決権の関わり : 自決の正統性を巡って
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概要
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In early 1990s the East Timorese nationalist movements succeeded in attracting international attentions by reframing the 'East Timor question' as a 'human rights issue'. Whereas the principle of 'self-determination' had long been regarded as potentially conflicting with sovereign state control, the 'human rights' framework successfully evaded international concerns that recognition of any new nation beyond established nation sates might touch off a spate of ethnic claims in the rest of the world. This article, through a semi-historical inquiry on the Timorese nationalist movement and its quest for legitimacy, explores the relationship between human rights and self-determination discourses. The pursuit of human rights in the local political sphere on behalf of those who suffered oppression by a foreign power was often equivalent to a claim for the right to self-determination and thus self-governance. Human rights discourse also firmly underlays the principle of self-determination in the international political sphere in both the context of de-colonization and the development of indigenous rights. By revisiting the formation of the nation of East Timor in association with an examination of the right to self-determination, this article also challenges the dichotomy in recent academic debates between cosmopolitan norms and national culture in the era of globalisation. By linking principles to historical processes, human rights and state sovereignty can be seen not as mutually exclusive or conflicting, but rather different means of securing human rights at particular stages of history.
- 2009-06-30