奥野庄太郎における読方教育理論の形成過程 : 垣内松三『国語の力』への論評を手がかりとして

概要

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Okuno (1886-1967) was a teacher of Seizyo Elementary School, one of the 'Shin gakko' (Japanese new schools) during the Taisho period. The purpose of this paper is to clarify Okuno's theory of teaching reading by examining the criticisms of the sentence method advanced by Kaito, who had great influence on the trend of national language education during this period. Okuno made his ideas on the teaching of reading clear in the process of his criticism of Kaito's "Kokugo no Chikara." There are several criticisms on the sentence method, as follows: (1) Kaito asserted that that are no essential differences between 'yomikata' (reading, in the elementary school) and 'kaishaku' (interpretation, in the junior high and high school) and 'hihyo' (critical reasoning, post-high school graduation), but Okuno emphasized that the characteristics of 'yomikata' are distinct from the others. (2) Kaito's emphasized reading text deeply in his sentence method, but Okuno intended it as just as one of the methods of reading used in the U.S.A. and Europe. Okuno formulated his series of criticisms from such viewpoints, which lead him to the following conclusions (1) Teachers should recognize that sentences are formed in totality. (2) Teachers should use various methods when teaching reading in elementary school.
2011-03-31