Turn-Takingのしくみ : 日米コミュニケーション・スタイル比較の試み

概要

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The purpose of this paper is to present a framework for analysis of the sequence of speaker's turns and side sequences in a small group discussion, and to demonstrate its application to crosscultural communication. Video-taped discussions in two groups, four Japanese and four Americans in both, are under examination. Differences in communication styles between these people are described and discussed in terms of turn-taking, back-chanelling behavior and simultaneous talk. Discussions take place in English in one group and in Japanese in the other. The close examination of the video-taped discussions is concerned with the differences in: 1) frequencies of turn-taking and back-chanelling between the English language group and the Japanese language group, 2) frequencies of back-chanelling within and between the cultural groups in each language, 3) locations of back-channels between the cultural groups in each language and 4) frequencies of simultaneous talk between the two cultural groups in each language. This paper suggests some possible training methods with audio-visual aids to solve difficulties caused by the above differences.
外国語教育メディア学会の論文