C. DICKENSと惡の問題
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概要
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From his youth Dickens was one of the typical Radicals, and through both practices and novels he endeavoured to improve the society; and, though he was optimistic, the mid-Victorian world was too full of miseries and evils for him and his life may be called a continual conflict with wrongs and evils of the world he lived in. Judging from his works we can find two sorts of evils: evils represented by individual character and evils represented by the society. Dickens concentrates himself in the former case to encourage good characters and to punish evil ones individually, and in the latter case he attacks through individuals the conditions and systems of the world itself. If it is permitted to divide his whole works into two groups, earlier and later, one may be found mainly in his earlier works terminating with 'Martin Chuzzlewit' (1843-4), and the other in his later works beginning with 'Domby and Son' (1846-8). Concerning both, it may be said the interest and delight of hunting evils are constituting the main prop to his plot in every novel. Yet it is clear that the more he wishes to improve the society or to dispel evils from it, the more he becomes dejected and pessimistic; such miraculous instances as Mr. Bumble, Mr. Squeers and Mrs. Gamp through whom he could be a successful reformer cannot be found in his later works, and it may be natural that this once optimistic Radical was called 'sullen socialist' in his later years. But, through this process, on the other hand, he attains the penetrative realism of his literature that may be only comparable to that of Dostoevsky or of Balzac in the world literature. 'Martin Chuzzlewit,' as a model of the literature of the Devil, has in this meaning many suggestions as the conclusion of the hunting of individual evils or as the turning point towards the hunting of social evils; and what meaning has these suggestions in the artistical perfection of Dickens's literature is the theme of the present essay.
- 財団法人日本英文学会の論文
- 1956-07-25
財団法人日本英文学会 | 論文
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