斯道文庫など書庫内で採集された昆虫と書籍害虫のカタログならびにその代表的食痕・虫糞と防除法(書籍害虫)

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In this paper the authors make catalogues of the insects collected in the Shido-Bunko, one of the institutes of Keio University, and some other libraries, and book-damaging insects recorded in the world. The species of these insects, their morphological and ecological characteristics and distribution are described in chapter I with their English and Latin names. The typical eaten marks or galleries made by them are in chapter II with 9 photographs (Fig. 11〜19). Their frass or faeces are in chapter III with 12 photographs (Fig. 20〜31). In chapter IV the authors state the protective methods against them as follows; When new buildings of libraries are constructed, ferro-concrete ones, all doors and windows of which are covered with fine mesh wire screening, are recommened because of the risk of a fire, insect and fungus damage. Book-shelves, cabinets and other furniture should preferably be made of such insect-proof material as steel. Timber used in libraries should be of insect-resistant species or properly treated to render it proof against insect and fungus attack. Air-conditioning and humidity control in libraries are important measures of protecting books from insect and fungus pests. The best ranges of temperature and humidity are 16〜18℃ and 40〜65% R. H.. Active carbon filters and electrostatic air ones incorporated in air-conditioning systems control dust as well as injurious organisms such as small insects, bacteria and fungi to a certain extent. Dusts on books should be periodically removed in order to research whether insect and fungus pests occur on them or not. The best way to keep books in a library free from these pest insects and micro- organisms is fumigating all newly contributed and purchased books with an effective and adequate fumigant. And so, it is essential to include in the building of library a properly constructed fumigation room or vacuum-chamber in which all books are treated on arrival. The fumigation room or apparatus should also be used for the urgent disinfection of books which have become accidentally infested with insect and fungus pests despite of strict surveillance by not a few librarians and their assistants. This rarely happens in air-conditioned libraries. A very large library-building can be fumigated by two methods: sealed fumigation and tarpaulin-covered one. In Japan various fumigants have been adopted for the extermination of pests in libraries, museums, and storehouses: carbon bisulphide CS_2, hydrocyanic acid HCN, hydrogen phosphide (Phostoxin) PH_3, chloropicrin CCl_3NO_2, methyl bromide CH_3Br, carbon tetrachloride CCl_4, ethylene dichloride CH_2Cl・CH_2Cl, ethylene dichloride, carbon tetrachloride and DDVP mixture (Centralfume), ethylene oxide (CH_2)_2O, ethylene dibromide CH_2Br-CH_2Br, Acrylonitrile (CH_2 : CHCN), D-D (1, 3-dichloropropene and 1, 2-dichloropropane), sulfuryl fluoride SO_2F_2. Among them methyl bromide and sulfuryl fluoride are excellent as a fumigant used in a library. The former can kill most insects in all stages (not only larvae, pupae, and adults but eggs) and does no damage to the majority of books in libraries except leather bindings and parchments, in which it may cause persistent mercaptan-like odors. In the case of methyl bromide fumigation sulfur-containing materials such as rubber, leather, animal hair, and iodized salt must be removed prior to the fumigation. When the liquid of it fails to be vaporized in the cold season and its splashes fall on such materials as papers, clothes, timbers, and tiles, they must be tenaciously stained. The latter is a trouble-free fumigant, but has a few weak points. The gas-leak of it cannot be detected by the Bailstein reaction. It can kill all insect life stages, but is much inferior to the former in the egg stage.
日本家屋害虫学会の論文
1979-09-11

斯道文庫など書庫内で採集された昆虫と書籍害虫のカタログならびにその代表的食痕・虫糞と防除法(書籍害虫)

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