フェイライトの磁気ひずみ効果を利用した圧力計と内燃機関分野への応用
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概要
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A new pressure transducer using a ferrite core for a detecting element and its applications to the measurments of indicated horsepower and fuel injection rate of Diesel engines are presented. The properties of a ferrite core selected out of commercialized supersonic vibrators are investigated. The magnetic induction and the reversible permeability of the core change in proportional to compressive stress at a part of higher induction than the knee of the magnetization curve and the hysteresis of the respective change is not large. These stress sensitivities are hardly influenced by temperature. In order to help our understanting of those properties, the theoretical study based on the domain theory is done. An equation for materials having negative magnetostriction, which indicates the relation between magnetic induction changed by applying stresses and various foundamental constants of the materials is developed. The frequency-response of the detecting element is examined. The result shows that electro-magnetic losses are neglegible and good frequency-response is obtaned up to a frequency of 65 kHz, limited by mechanical resonance. Pressure can be transduced into voltage by utilizing either the change of magnetic flux or the change of permeability. The transducers are classified by the transducing methods as follows: direct acting type, amplitude-modulation type, frequency-modulation type. General features of the transducers are itemized as follows: (1) Output is large. (2) Inner impedance is minimized. (3) Frequency-responce is good. (4) Components are few and mechanically tough. The direct acting type transducer is applied to a horsepower indicator for monitoring of a marine Diesel engine. The horsepower indicator indicates indicated horsepower, indicated mean effective pressure and the maximum cylinder pressure. If a cathode ray oscilloscope is used, this indicator can display a diagram of cylinder pressure vs time or cylinder pressure vs cylinder volume on it. The test of the horsepower indicator is carried out on the training ship "Ginga-Maru" for about 500 hours net. The test shows fairly good results except that the sensitivity of the pressure transducer falls nearly at the rate of 0.023 percent per hour, probably owning to combustion products piled up on the plunger head of the pressure transducer and the plunger head is slightly corroded. Zeuch reported a method, by which the fuel injection rate of a Diesel engine was obtained as the time derivatve of the pressure rise in a pressure chamber during injection. The original injection rate meter is improved by using the direct acting type transducer instead of a piezo-quarz pressure transducer. The new injection rate meter is easy to handle and inexpensive. This measuring device is applied to measurement of the injection rates of the injection system designed for a medium-sized, high-supercharged and experimental engine. In particular, secondary injection observed there is shown in detail. As another application of the device, the injection rates of the large-sized and geard Diesel engine recently developed in our country are measured. The oscillating injection observed at lower speed range is theoretically investigated.
- 独立行政法人 海上技術安全研究所の論文
- 1976-09-30
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