中国モデルとその意味
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概要
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The China Model of Development is a new term widely used among Chinese scholars to define the unique structure of the Chinese economy for the last thirty/sixty years. It is a summarization of the Chinese experience in modernization and globalization. The China Model is not a socialist replica in its original meaning, neither is it a capitalist reproduction. Some western scholars also use this term to distinguish China's way of economic development from theirs. This article discusses the various interpretations and connotations of the term including its theoretical foresight of congential deficiency, and its practical success, inadequacy, and challenges. The Perple's Republic of China has been established for sixty years. In the first half of its history, China had followed the former USSR socialist model including central planning, state-owned property, and heavy industry priority, to name just a few features. In the second half of its history up to now, China has pragmatically absorbed various elements from different models and ideas in its own ways, thus is gradually forming its own model. The China Model was planted by the ruling communist party that gave up its ideology of "class struggle" in the soil of socialism. The starting point of this model was a socialist economy with state-owned giants as its backbone, and almost no private business and market mechanism. However, after thirty years, it became a unique model of development that combines socialist beliefs and experiments, and some of capitalist experiences. Within this model, private enterprise takes an important share in national economy ; and the market plays a crucial role in prices. This model has brought continuous economic growth that has led the country to being an important player in the world's political economy. The China Model is a model open to anything pragmatic and for its systematic self-improvement. It allows political reforms and economic transformation within the model. It is a model in process with sufficient room for new practices and challenges. China spent the last sixty years experimenting with a model that stuck to socialist principles and abundant material supplies to meet the needs of the Chinese people. Yet, it is a model still facing controversies.