消化器癌における免疫療法(<シリーズ>画期的に進歩した最新の治療法(3))

概要

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In the living body, two immune systems, "natural immunity" and "acquired immunity", are working, and two types of immunological response exist by "effector phase" in which a direct effect cell stands face to face against a neoplasm or by "priming phase" in which the specific immunity to an antigen is guided. A cellular immunotherapy is a cancer treatment by using T lymphocytes, natural killer cells and dendritic cells which are activated ex vivo and again transferred in vivo. We performed (1) adoptive immunotherapy with tumor-specific CTLs in the patients with multiple liver cancer and (2) adoptive immunotherapy with CD 3-activated T (CAT) in the patients with multiple lung metastases. Each rate of a successful treatment (CR+PR) is 40%, or 50% and the disease control (stable disease: SD) during a treatment period became possible at 91% or 92%. At present, we are trying such new clinical studies as (3) cancer vaccine therapy with tumor or peptide-pulsed dendritic cells, (4) direct injection of dendritic cells into advanced tumors. All treatments with any effector cells transferred, toxicity and side effect were tolerable and not critical. We have now started a new trial of cellular immunotherapy after the curative operation to prevent recurrence or metastasis. Although there are several problems which should cope with them from now on, the cellular immunotherapy is safe, and useful tool for cancer treatment.
東京女子医科大学の論文