初期フランシスコ会の教団組織について
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This essay intends to show what kind of ideal animated the constitution in the early Franciscan Order. In order to solve this problem, we must above all examine the writings of St. Francis of Assisi, especially the First and Second Rulus of his Order. According to these documents, we can find the names and roles of officials in his Order, e.g. a general minister, a provincial minister, a custodian and a guardian. But it seems strange to us that their functions, competences and statuses are too vague. It seems to us that, among them, only the general minister has a clearly definited status and authority. Besides, his power and competence has no limit except for the revision of the Rule of Order. Therefore, some people might say that the general minister had almost absolute power and the early Franciscan government was a kind of dictatorship. It is true that the early Franciscans were exposed to such a peril. However, St. Francis of Assisi and his true followers strongly hated such an absolute power within the constitution of their Order. Then, we must ask the reason why St. Francis conceived those Rules in which the peril to dictatorship originated. At first, we must notice that St. Francis and his followers renounced not only to the world and its properties but also to their legal status in the civil and ecclesiastical society. Following up such a heroic ideal, they could not form such corporation as a judicial person in its strict sense of the word, For this reason, when St, Francis and his followers drew up the Rules of their Order, they intentionally avoided the strict legal words. The result of this was that they could not make the clear legal provision which would have kept off the peril of tyrany. In other words, Franciscan Order was not any legal corporation but a frateral congregation of strangers and pilgrims who all had no legal privileges at all. Therefore, theoretically speaking, not only the general minister but also any official in Franciscans could not have any legal power as to their colleagues, because the Order itself was not a legal corporation at all.
- 慶應義塾大学の論文
著者
関連論文
- 釈尊と修道士 : バルラームとヨザファト
- 西欧中世における民衆宗教運動と言語(シンポジウム「文明語の比較社会史 : 漢文、オスマン語、中世ラテン語」,一九九二年度三田史学会大会)
- アシジの聖フランシスとカタリ派
- キリストの復活をめぐって
- 小教区制の起源(研究余滴)
- 研究余滴 伝説と史実
- 回想・神山四郎先生
- 初期フランシスコ会の教団組織について
- アシジのフランシスの聖貧理念と社会環境の関係
- Gordon Leff, Paris and Oxford Universities in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries, New York・London・Sidney, 1968, pp.331(REVIEW)
- John Moorman, A History of the Franciscan Order from its Origins to the Year 1517 Oxford, 1968, pp.641(REVIEW)
- アシジの聖フランシスと宗教運動
- 初期フランシスコ会の形態に関する一考察
- フランシスコ会における党派対立の原因について
- M. D. Lambert, Franciscan Poverty, The Doctrine of the Absolute Poverty of Christ and the Apostles in the Franciscan Order, London, 1961, pp.269(REVIEW)
- 下村寅太郎著, 「アシジの聖フランシス」, 昭和四十年, 南窓社刊(批評と紹介)
- ボナヴェントゥーラのフランシスコ伝について
- ベーダ著長友栄三郎訳「イギリス教会史」
- R. B. Brooke, Early Franciscan Government from Elias to Bonaventure, Cambridge, 1959, pp.313(REVIEW)
- ベーダ「イギリス教会史」 : 長友栄三郎訳, 昭和四十年創文社刊(批評と紹介)
- Gerald Strauss, Historian in an age of Crisis : the life and work of Johannes Aventinus (1477-1534)