Pompeiusのlegio vernaculaについて
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
It is commonly admitted, that the legio Alaudae of Caesar is the first non-citizen legion in the Roman history. But the reports of the Caesarian corpus about the legio vernacula of Pompey (b. c. 2, 20, 4, & c.) suggest some emendations of this view. I. The legio vernacula is one of the two legions, which Verro, the legate of Pompey, held in Spain in 49 B. C. That this legion is composed of non-citizens is quite clear. Because : (1) we find that even the slaves could serve in (the same ?) legio vernacula (b. Hisp. 12, 1. 20, 5); (2) the author of b. Hisp. (7, 4) distinguishes the legio vernacula from a legio facta ex coloniis ; (3) in Spain there were non-citizens since Sertorius., who were acquainted with the Roman military technique, so that they could easily be formed into a legion of the Roman style (cf. Plut. Sert. 14, 1. Caes. b. G. 3, 23, 5) ; (4) Cicero, who never calls non-citizen legions like the legiones Deiotarianae "legiones", does not call the vernacula a legion, for he (fam. 16, 12, 4) enumerates in Spain in Jan. 49 B. C. only 6 legions (while they are 6 according to Caes. b. c. 1, 85, 6). II. The vernacula was formed between 55 and 52 B. C. For it is one of the veteranae multisque proeliis expertae legiones, which have revolted in 48 B. C. to their proprator Q. Cassius Longinus in Spain (b. Alex. 61, 1). These multa proelia -cannot have taken place after Jan. 49 B. C., for even in the course of the strife between Varro and Caesar there could not have been multa proelia (b. c. 2, 17 f., esp. c. 20). These proelia therefore can only mean the wars cum Lusitanis reliquisque barbaris (b. c. 1, 44, 2) before the outbreak of the civil war. It is then natural to believe then the enmity, which existed between the vernacula and Cassius, had its origin in the quaestorship of Cassius in 52 B. C., when the vernacula had possibly existed already. So the terminus ante quem of the formation .of the vernacula must be fixed in 52 B. C., and the terminus post quem in 55 B. C., when Pompey received Spain as his proconsular province. III. So we can conclude, that the legio vernacula of Pompey is a non-citizen legion, which was formed between 55 and 52 B. C. in Spain, earlier than the legio Alaudae of Caesar, which must be dated in the year 51 B. C. It was to, Pompey, not to Caesar, that the merit of the epochmaking achievement in the history of the Roman military system should be accorded.
- 日本西洋古典学会の論文
- 1960-03-29
日本西洋古典学会 | 論文
- STRAUSS, BARRY S., Athens after the Peloponnesian War. Class, Faction and Policy, 403-386 B. C., Pp.xiii+191, Croom Helm, London & Sydney, 1986., £19.95.
- クセルクセスの遠征軍の規模
- FURLEY, D., The Greek Cosmologists, Vol.1 : The Formation of the Atomic Theory and its Earliest Critics., Pp.viii+220, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1987., £25.
- SWEENY, Leo, Infinity in the Presocratics. A Bibliographical and Philosophical Study., Pp. xxxiii+222, Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1972.
- COLE, Th., Demoeritus and the Sources of Greek Anthropology. (Philological Monographs, XXV.), Pp. xii+225 S., Ohio, Western Reserve Univ. Press, 1967, $ 6.50