アリストテレス『詩学』における<καθολου>と<οια αν γενοιτο>
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概要
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It is our purpose, to reexamine the meaning of the well-known sentence of Aristotle's Poetics, i e, (η μεν γαρ ποιησιζ μαλλον τα καθολου, ηδ' ιστορια τα καθ' εκαστον λεγει>, especially focusing on the relation between τα καθολου and οια αν γενοιτο Because the correspondence of οια αν γενοιτο and τα καθολου is less clear than that of τα γενομενα and τα καθ' εκαστον In this respect we find the lack of his explanation of his technical terminology, especially of to καθολου To reexamine this term, we first confirmed that what has happened and the kind of things that would happen could stand in the analogical relation with the common character of 'happening' In this analogy of the historical world and the poetical world, it becomes problematic, what meaning the term <καθολου> could hold The statements of poetry are rather concrete and particular like historical statements, not abstract and general, though the poet has nothing to describe before his eyes In this meaning we cannot so easily translate the term <καθολου> as 'the universal', because the conception of universality is not yet clear Therefore we have for the present adopted 'some essential meaning of the poetical world' as its translation. With this interpretation both καθολου in ch 9 and ch 17 can become essentially alike. <καθολου> in ch 17 is usually translated as 'a general outline'(L J Potts translates it more carefully as 'a significant and unified outline'), but we want to regard it as the formal cause of the poetical world The formal cause as <το κατα ολου> means in this context some essential meaning of a certain <ολον>. On the other hand the historical statement tells only a mere collection of unrelated facts (Potts), not any unified meaning The Poet can realize the poetical unified world with his highest poetical imagination, and with the interpretative imagination we find out in the given poetical world some essential meaning, which could become generally universal in both worlds, if we can accept the existence of the given poetical world without hesitation and any consciousness of the ontological distinction.
- 日本西洋古典学会の論文
- 1988-03-18
日本西洋古典学会 | 論文
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- クセルクセスの遠征軍の規模
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