放射性クロームCr^<51>による赤血球寿命の測定に関する研究

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Experiments were carried out in vitro to study the survival of the red cells by tagging them with Cr^<51>. The life span of the red cells was also measured by the same method in 58 patients with hematologic disorder. 1. The uptake of Cr^<51> by the red cells was expedited in proportion to an increase in temperature. The erythrocytes incubated with Cr^<51> at 37℃ took up 98 per cent of total Cr^<51> in 30 minutes. Vitamin C inhibited the uptake. In vitro experiments showed that there was an elution of 1 per cent of the erythrocyte bound Cr^<51> per day. 2. In vivo experiments carried out in rabbits showed that the life span of their erythrocytes was about 45 days. 3. The life span of the erythrocytes was calculated from the radioactivity of a unit volume of the whole blood, and was not corrected by using a hematocrit. It was shown that this method, though based on an assumption that the total blood volume in the circulation was constant, was useful in cases where there were fluctuations in total red cell volume, especially where there was an acute rapid destruction of the red cells. 4. The normal life span of the red cells estimated by the Cr^<51> technique was from 100 to 120 days, and their apparent half life span was 30 ± 3 days. 5. A hypothesis that there would be an elution of 1 per cent of the erythrocyte bound Cr^<51> per day in vivo seemed to be valid, for a curve representing a residual radioactivity calculated theoretically on the basis of this hypothesis coincided with one showing a residual radioactivity actually estimated. 6. The life span of the red cells was measured in 58 patients with hematologic disorder. A marked shortening of the life span was observed in acquired hemolytic anemia, congenital hemolytic anemia, anemia due to paranitrobenzol poisoning, and leukemia. 7. An apparent half life span reflected accurately the life span of the red cells in clinical studies. In patients with an apparent half life span of from 24 to 26 days, however, it was necessary to repeat estimation for over 50 days before any judgement could be passed on the life span of the red cells. 8. Being simple in procedure, the radioactive sodium chromate method is of value as a method of determining the life span of the red cells for general clinical purposes. It makes it possible to measure the life span of the red cells not only in the circulation in the body where they originated but also in the circulation in the bodies of other persons with compatible blood types.

放射性クロームCr^<51>による赤血球寿命の測定に関する研究

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