頸動脈洞,および,大動脈神経にかんする研究
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概要
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1. Using Prof. S. Saitoh's modification of Nonidez' silver impregnation, there can be demonstrated more or less accessory elements around the endings of nerve fibers in presso-, and chemoreceptoric area of carotid sinus and aorta. There can be hardly sensible nerve endings which exist isolatedly or freely in connective tissues, but most of them appear to possess reticular, graunlar and stractured elements, so far as presso-, and chemoreceptoric areas are concerned. However the power of the expression of Nonidez' impregnation is far less than that of Bielschowsky-Gros-Seto's method; even by means of Nonidez-Saitoh's impregnation it is sometimes difficult to judge the argentphile elements of connective tissues. 2. The morphological difference between the presso-, and chemoreceptoric nerve endings is disclosed, though functionally well established. The arterio-venous anastomosis can be observed, as already de Castro and Goormaghtigh have pointed, in carotid and aortic bodies very markedly. Some of the sections show that there may be a mechanism almost identical with peripheral arterio-venous anastomosis. The part which the arteriovenous anastomosis of carotid and aortic bodies does play in the reflex-mechanism, can not be fully elucidated morphologically, because the glomus-like structure may possess "epitheloide Querzellen". 3. The pressoreceptoric area of carotid sinus is very intimately related to the chemoreceptoric area of carotid bodies from morphological viewpoint in animals, but not so intimately in man, especially as to the aortic pressoreceptors and chemoreceptors. Using serial section, Gollwitzer-Meier's ligation for the purpose to easily and simply seperate presso-, and chemoreceptoric mechanisms is substantiated morphologically. 4. Despite of the epinephrine-activating effect of the thyroid hormone, there exist some experimental evidences for the protection of arterial intima against lipoid deposits with regard to this hormone which contradicts sharply the action of suprarenal hormones. On the other hand, H. Rein and Liebermeister have clarified the closed relationship between carotid sinus and thyroid. Therefore the influence of antithyroid preparates upon the unbriddled hypertension was studied. So far as the anti-thyroid preparates are administered within non-toxic dosage, cardiac hypertrophy and aortic sclerosis induced experimentally are not enhanced, rather apt to be inhibited, despite of additional use of cholesterol; however the blood pressure level remains not significantly affected. At the final observation, the existence of the pressoreceptoric By-path running through vagal trunks were investigated. 5. The denervation of blood pressure moderators does not cause to increase in number of binuclear cells in cervical sympathetic ganglions, though Sunder-Plasmann has emphasized as the morphological manifestation of postoperative sympathicotonia. 6. The carotid sinus pressor reflex is more or less inhibited by the premedication of Reserpine, Chlorpromazine, and is apt to be enhanced with the adequate dosis of L. S. D. 25. As to the size of pupillae, L. S. D. 25 has a tendency to counteract the action mode of Reserpine and Chlorpromazine. 7. Although the pressoreceptors are found in the wall of ductus arteriosus Botalli, the surgical operation of the patent ductus does not elevate the arterial blood pressure. It happened that a patientin was suffered from high blood pressure during three months postoperatively; her hypertension showed the minute volume type of which in explanation it may be important the unbalance between hypertrophied left ventricle and arterial system.
- 千葉大学の論文