保存血液の細菌汚染に関する研究
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概要
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In accordance with the recent establishment of blood banks in every part of the country, and with the general use of banked blood, we have received several reports on the accidents caused by bacterial bacterial contamination of the blood. After I made a bacteriological research on the first case we had ever had in Japan, I could confirm that the contaminant for the cause had been a certain psychrophilic strain found in coli-group, and I made some more fundamental experiments on this problem. The experimental results in summary are as follows: 1. Reaction caused from bacterial contamination of stored blood proved almost fatal, as I found out of the examples of the reports both at home and abroad. 2. Bacterial contaminants of stored blood cover the wide range in their genera, but bacteria which show a serious transfusion reaction are chiefly gram-negative rods, among which the psychrophilic strains of coli-group and of pseudomonas especially react. 3. In the first case of the reaction in Japan, the bacteria for the cause ware identified as Aerobacter aerogenes. 4. The result of classification of 25 strains, which had been isolated in blood banks in Japan, showed most of them gram-negative rods. 5. I made an investigation into distribution of peculiar psychrophilic strains which were found in general non-pathogenic mesophilic bacteria, the collection of which are being preserved here in the institute, and it proved that 45 of the above strains were included in all these 488 strains of coldgroup, Proteus, Flavobacterium, Serratia, Micrococcus and Spore-forming Bacillus, accounting for 9.2 percent of all. 6. In order to investigate the distribution of psychrophilic bacteria existing in the nature, I tried the classification by isolating 99 strains of them from soil, water and food samples, and found that both Pseudomonas and Achromobacter, which were belonging to water borne bacteria, had the widest distribution showing 29 strains each; others were 2 Alcaligenes, 5 Coli-group, 2 gram-negative rods, 8 gram-positive rods, 20-Micrococcus and 4 Yeast. 7. The investigation into the growth of the above psychrophilic bacteria in the stored blood preserved at a low temperature showed, that the number of them amounted up to several 100 millions per cc for 7 to 10 days in an experimental strains of the first case in Japan, Pseudomonas and Serratia, those of Escherichia coli and Flavobacterium were a little late in multiplying, and those of Proteus reduced slowly. 8. For the purpose of researching into bacterial contamination of stored blood, psychrophilic bacteria should be aimed at, and the cultivating temperature set at 27℃ or 22℃ and 32℃. 9. In the patients who were transfused with contaminated blood or in the organ of dead body, to prove the existence of the contaminants, it is possible in the case of Coll-group, but it is hard in the case of Pseudomonas and Achromobacter. 10. E.D.T.A., preservative solution, which has come in use of late, has a bacterial suppressive action against the extensive genera except for Serratia. It was observed that, with the solution as compared with when ACD solution was added, Pseudomonas did not grow at all, and Aerobacter grew far less. I dare to insist, therefore, that E.D.T.A. is effective for preventing accident caused by bacterial contamination of stored blood.
- 千葉大学の論文
- 1956-05-28