各種動物の大腸菌特にEscherichia coli, E. coli var. communior,及びParacolobactrumの異同に関する研究

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It is considered likely that innumerable varieties of bacteria occurring in the intestines of animals would have influence peculial to them on the physical conditions of host animals. The ones that have the most far reaching effect are the species belonging to the colon bacteria group, which have been the subject of study by many investigators. Dissimilarity of colon bacteria occurring in various animals has also been the subject of various studies. Due to their intricate distribution, however, a method of classification embracing whole phases of their existence has not yet been developed, leaving much to be desired. Although the serological classification developed by Kauffmann and his followers in recent years has thrown new light in this line of research, it does not provide key to all the unanswered questions at this stage of its development. With a view to contributing to the study of intestinal flora now being conducted in this department, the author performed investigation of the dissimilarity of colon bacteria fouud in the feces of men, fowls and cattles which are representative of animals, and of carnivorous animals that have specific inclination for their diet. After a study of the literature on the classification, the author has decided, based on the IMVIC reactions the importance of which had been emphasized by Kauffmann and others, to select the following three varieties of colon bacteria as the object of the present study: E. coli which is the most common of all the colon bacteria found in the feces, E. coli var communior which is characterized by its ability to decompose sucrose sugar and the so called Paracolobactrum which includes organisms are either irregular or late lactose-decomposers. The author performed thorough investigation on how the various strains of these bacteria isolated from the feces behaved serologically in order to find out whether there are any uniform pattern of differences existing between the various groups originating in different sources. Following are the summary of the results: 1) In accordance with the Bergey's classification, 10 strains each of E. coli, E. coli var communior and Paracolobactrum to a total of 150 strains were isolated from the feces of various animals. Investigation revealed that, irrespective of the difference in the host animals, there existed no difference in their biological properties. 2) In E. coli, a higher degree of agglutination was produced in the cultures of bacteria occurring in fowls, dogs and carnivorous animals when they were treated with serums immunized against the strains of bacteria found in the same hosts. No. 6 strain found in men, Nos. 2, 7 and 8 strains found in dogs and Nos. 1, 5 and 7 strains found in cattle were deemed to be more or less of the same varieties from the serological standpoint, affording ground for speculation concerning the transfer of these organisms from one host to another and vice versa. However, the strains found in carnivorous animals were distinctively different from those found in men, fowls and cattlefrom the same standpoint. 3) In E. coli var communior, it did not necessarily follow that a higher degree of agglutination occurred in the cultures of the strains of bacteria when they were treated with serums immunized against the strains of found in the same hosts. No.9 strains found in:men, Nos. 6 and 8 strains found in fowls, No.3 strains found in dogs and Nos. 7 and 8 strains found in cattle were deemed to by more or less of the same varities from the serological standpoint, affording ground for speculation concerning the trasfer of these organisms from one host to another and vice versa. The strains found in carnivorous animals, however, were distinctively different antigenically from those found in men, fowls, dogs and cattle. 4) In Paracolobactrurn, agglutination of higher degree was .caused in the cultures of the strains ofbacteria when they were treated with serums immunized against the strains found in the same hosts. The strains found in fowls, dogs, cattle and carnivorous animals were antigenically specific for the strains found in the particular animal. 5) Investigation revealed that the strains of bacteria found in carnivorous animals were distinctively different from those found in men, fowls, cattle and dogs from the serological standpoint. The strains found in other animals also caused more or less specific agglutination for the strains found in the particular animal. Therefore, it seems quite difficult to classify colon bacteria found in animals from the serological standpoint. Further, it seems still more difficult to classify Paracolobactrum than Escherichia group from the same standpoint. It is to be hoped that the resuls of the present study will provide important suggestions in clarifying whatever effects the diet and natural environment have on the intestinal bacteria of the hosts, contributing a new observation to the knowledge of classification.
千葉大学の論文
1955-05-28

著者

作田静子
千葉大学医学部衛生学教室

各種動物の大腸菌特にEscherichia coli, E. coli var. communior,及びParacolobactrumの異同に関する研究

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