スポーツを通じた開発 -国際協力におけるスポーツの定位と諸機関の取組み-
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概要
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Sport in recent years, has attracted considerable attention as one of the effective means to combat such global issues as poverty, HIV/AIDS and ethnic reconciliation. In 1999 UNDP set forth the concept of "Human Development" which puts individuals as the core targets for development goals. In this respect, sport is expected to provide an arena for individuals and communities, which are basic to" Human Development", to make known their potentials. However, the question," Why Sport?" still often arises in the context of seriously problematic circumstances in developing countries. The purpose of this study is to seek for the significance of sport in the development sector, with the intention of 1)reviewing related hypotheses, 2) evaluating the activities of " International development through sport (IDS)" carried out by several ODA' s and UN organizations. During my research, some key-words such as spontaneousness, voluntariness, autonomy and grass-root have emerged as important elements of IDS. The weight of such words is fully recognized in the development sector too, especially with regard to "Human Development". Although it is difficult for outsiders to create development activities which require the people's spontaneousness, sport can be an effective tool compared to the other development sectors, if outsiders (donors) can apply grassroot sport activities to the development issues in the right way. Therefore, sport is introduced into difficult development issues with the expected role of a triggering device.
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