ギリシアの医学思想における「パンゲネシス」の系譜
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The Pangenetic theory which holds that sperm comes from all the body seems to have been one of the most remarkable doctrines in Greek biology in the fifth and fourth centuries BC, since Aristotle gives a detailed description of the theory and criticizes it severely. The main sources of information about the Pangenetic theory are several medical treatises in the Hippocratic Corpus. There are only some mentions of it in the extant fragments ascribed to Democritus. It would be probable, therefore, that the theory had the origin of its theoretical form in the tradition of Greek medical science, and then came to the focus of attention among the Presocratic philosophers. Some scholars, on the other hand, claim that Democritus had a decisive role in the formation and development of the theory, which was then taken over by the Hippocratic doctors in their attempt to give a systematic explanation for some of the important genetic issues, such as the inheritance of similarities from parents to their children. It must be kept in mind, however, that Hippocratic doctors thought of particular fluids or humours with their inherent powers (δυναμειs) as the essential constituents of human body. This fact leads us to have an idea that the doctors had a completely different view of matter from the corpuscular theory, although Lesky (1950) and Lonie (1981) assume them to have been almost dependent on the atomism of Democritus. We can conclude that the Pangenetic theory came originally from Greek medical science, and then developed into the most influential doctrine before Aristotle.
- 日本科学史学会の論文
- 2009-03-25
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- ポリュボス『人間本性論』におけるエンペドクレスの影響 : 前5世紀ギリシアの医学思想と同時代の自然哲学についての一考察
- 「自然」(フュシス)と身体 : ポリュボス『人間本性論』における医学的「自然」観
- ギリシア医学と技術(1)
- 「ノモス」と「フユシス」 : 古代ギリシア医学思想における「人間」観の一局面(第47回大会研究発表論文)
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- Elizabeth M. Craik, Hippocrates : Places in Man, Greek Text and Translation with Introduction and Commentary., Pp.xxiii+259, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1998.
- ガレノスと古代ギリシア・ローマ医学史研究の現在 : ガレノス『解剖学論集』の刊行によせて