Kul-Obaの壺の歯科医学史・美術史的および民俗-神話学的考察
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The Kul-Oba vase was excavated at Panticapaeum, an old Greek colony in Crimean peninsula in 1830, and was exhibited in the South Kensington Museum of London in. 1884. W.H. Eames of St. Louis, in reported for the first time in the dental journal, that one of the four relief pictures on this vessel as it depicted the dental operation in the 4 th century B.C. His description was based verbally on the work of Maskell who wrote, in 1884, a hand-flook on Russian emperior's collection of ancient Scythian treasure on the standpoint of fine-art. In 1893, B.J. Cigrand quoted verbally including the line drawing. Later textbooks of dental history by Guerini (1909), Weinberger, (1926, 1948), Proskauer(1926, 1962) followed Cigrand. Against this view Garrison (1929) described this scenees a mere examination. In 1948, a noted dental historian M.B. Asbell, stressing the error of the previous authors who had fallen into professional near-sightedness, concluded that this scene did not depict dental operation. The present author, in the previous paper, consented the opinions of Garrison and Asbell. However, because some fine arts authorities still believe that this depicts dental operation, the question what really is the all comprehensive interpretation must be answered. Recent ethnographical and mythological research clarified 3 fold interpretations. The first one is the opinion of Rostovtzeff, Rice who thought the scenes on the vase were the real life of the ancient Scythian worrior of the rulling class in the expeditionary camp. The second is that of Farkas who declared this scene reflex the scythian mythology. The third one is the internretation of Dmitri Rayevsky of the Moscow Institute of Ethnography, which was based on " The History, the 4 th Book, by Herodotus". The tale was derived from Greek myth "twelve labors of Hercules". Herodotus described the Greeks in the Pontic stepps believed that Hercules landed Scythia by the shipwreck on the way from Geryon where he succeeded in his tenth labor. He met half woman half snake and got married. Three sons Agathyrsus, Gelonus and Scythes were born betwwen them. After they have grown to manhood, they were tested to string a bow left by Hercules. Two elder brothers failed and injured, one in his mouth, another his leg, however, the youngest Scythes was successful (Fig. 6, 8). The present author concludes that this new interpretation shed another light to the long continued controversy to one of the picture on the vessel known as the Kul-Oba vase. That is to say, the picture in question depicts the examination of accidentally wounded oral lesion during stringing the bow.
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