文脈情報の利用とその種類がアイロニー理解に及ぼす影響 : 肯定表現アイロニーと否定表現アイロニーの対比を通して

概要

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Irony is understood by utilizing contextual information, but the relation between the different kinds of contextual information and their effects has not been examined thoroughly. This study proposed a model from the Relevance Theory view that the utilization of contextual information promotes the understanding of irony. Three kinds of contextual information, that is, positive norm, the explicit preceding utterance of the hearer, and controllability of the hearer, were studied to examine their effects on the appropriateness and attitudes implicit in the understanding of irony. Thirty-one college women were asked to respond to a questionnaire which included the presentation of the story. The results showed that the contextual information types of explicit preceding the utterance and controllability specifically promoted the understanding of negative attitudes. These are types of contextual information which are concerned with the responsibility of the hearer. Thus the hearer becomes the victim of irony, and negative attitudes are emphasized. These effects were salient in positive irony, which implicates negative attitudes. In order to clarify the way contextual information is used in the understanding of irony, it is necessary to investigate the different kinds and features of contextual information.