アメリカにおける学校教育と政教分離原則の問題(I)

概要

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This thesis treats of the historical study of the secularization of American public school. Main factor conditioning the secularization of the public school, was an adoption of the principle of the separation between church and state. The First Amendment to the Federal Constitution declared in favor of relgious freedom for all and enjoined against a privileged position for any religion. The school every where in America arose as a child of the church, therefore, religion- sectarian religious instruction- played the leading part in the school. But the educational counterpart of the separation of church and state was the complate exclusion of religion from the public school curriculum. Of course, this secularization of public school did not occur immediatly following the separation of church and state, nor did it take the same course in each of the states. In general, we can discriminate following three steps in this process of secularization. (1) Sectarian religious public school, that is, public support of the "establisched" religion. (2) Non-sectarian religious public school, that is, public support for the Protestant religion. (3) Secular public school, that is, religious instruction (including Bible reading) shall not be given in the tax-supported, tax-established public school. Religious instruction in public school is prohibited before J. 1913 in each of the states.
仙台大学の論文