初期原子力政策と戦後の地方自治-相克の発生 : 関西研究用原子炉交野案設置反対運動を事例に

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This paper examines the first occurrence of conflict between early nuclear policy and the local autonomy in democratised Japan after World War 2, which arose in 1959, when the residents of Mizr moto village moved against the Kansai Research Reactor planned to be installed in Katano, a nearby town. The previous year, the physicists of the Science Council of Japan had made a proposal which called for democratic control of nuclear technology. This proposal was officially submitted to the Science and Technology Agency, on the occasion of the controversy concerning the safety of the Kansai Research Reactor when the former Takatsuki plan was at issue. It seems that the proposal included the idea of forming an agency analogous to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) of the United States. But this proposal was not adopted, and soon afterward the Takatsuki plan was replaced by the Katano plan. Therefore the residents of Mizumoto village were placed in difficult circumstances. This paper discusses the historical events in great detail. I hope that it provides useful suggestions for the present studies concerning democratic control of science and technology, such as STS (Science and Technology Studies) and Environmental Sociology.