「海外・帰国児童生徒教育」の一考察 : 第二次世界大戦下の(帰国子女学級)東洋英和女学院「別科」の事例

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概要

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• "The Special Class" was established in the elementary level of Toyo Eiwa Girl's School (Canadian Mission School) in 1934 and existed until 1944, at the beginning era of the World War II. It was to accept the returned Japanese-Canadian and Japanese-American children. The purpose of this study is to research the system and educational practices of "the Special Class" and to promote the discussion into the education of the returned children nowadays. The methods were (1) to review the historical resources of the interview materials of Haru Akiyama who had taught the special class for ten years to overlook the establishment, system and practice of the special class, and (2) to interview the six returned children who belonged to the special class from 1937 to 1942, the year the World War II started to illustrate their school life in the special class and to research the effects of intercultural experiences on their study proficiencies and adaptation to the new environment or their own cultural settings. The results are summarized as follows. (1) The systems of the special class were that (a) no entrance examination on their study abilities was practiced, (b) the students were from ten to eighteen years old and the class had very distinct communication orientation, (c) Japanese language (from first grade level) was taught, (d) small class size (20 students) with various levels based on each student's study skill was maintained, (e) after one to three years of schooling, the students were able to advance or transfer to their own grade level with no examination. Thus, the special class had free system like Canadian educational system and very thorough language education system. (2) Two cases of the students who returned to Japan at the age of over thirteen years old and belonged to the special class during the World War II revealed that they experienced much difficulties on their recovery of study level and adaptation to the cultural changes. However, those who returned at the age of under twelve did not show such difficulties. Also, the timing of returning (either before or after the war had started) seemed to have no significant effects. The positive reactions on the effects of intercultural experiences on personality and language abilities were obtained in all of the cases.

• 国際基督教大学の論文

著者

• 原 和子

  国際基督教大学

関連論文

• 異文化体験のライフコース分析 : 「かつての帰国子女」の追跡調査-第二部報告
• 異文化体験のライフコース分析 : 「かつての帰国子女」の追跡調査(第一部報告)
• 「海外・帰国児童生徒教育」の一考察 : 第二次世界大戦下の(帰国子女学級)東洋英和女学院「別科」の事例

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