最近発見された神経ペプチド・心血管ペプチド

概要

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Adrenomedullin, urocortins and urotensin II are novel peptides that are expressed in various organs including the brain and the cardiovascular system. Adrenomedullin and urocortins are potent vasodilator peptides. Urotensin II is one of the most potent vasoconstrictor peptides whereas it acts as a vasodilator in some arteries through the release of vasodilator substances such as nitric oxide from the vascular endothelial cells. Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) and orexins are mostly expressed in the hypothalamus, particularly in the lateral and posterior hypothalamic area. MCH stimulates the appetite. Orexins stimulates the appetite and the arousal. Plasma concentrations of urotensin II and orexin-A may be plasma markers for heart failurerenal failure and sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome, respectively. The agonists or antagonists for these peptide receptors are expected to be useful drugs for many diseases, such as heart failure and hypertension (adrenomedullin agonists, urocortin agonists, and urotensin II antagonists), obesity (MCH antagonists) and sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (orexin agonists).総説Review Article
東北大学の論文