東北水稲単作地帯における地主・小作関係の展開 : 秋田県500町歩地主T家を事例として
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概要
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In this paper the writer tries to clarify the development of the landlord-tenant relationship in Tohoku district, which was the core of the landlord system in Japan, taking the Tsuchida family in Akita prefecture as a case study. The Tsuchidas were in possession of 512 hectare (cho) in 1928 and the number of their tenant farmers were 518 families in 12 towns and villages in 1897. My conclusions are as follows. (A) 1896-1905; The Tsuchidas' concentration of land proceeded rapidly. They completed the management system that controlled the tenant farmers, and they subordinated the tenant farmers by means of the paternalism that decreased farm rents and advanced rice. (B) 1906-1919; The Tsuchidas' concentration of land slacked, so they carried out the readjustment of arable land in 1907 in expectation of increasing the productivity of rice. This made the Tsuchidas obtain almost all parts of their contracted farm rents. On the other hand, it increased the shares of the tenant farmers, too. And so they became independent of the paternalism. (C) 1920-1929; The productivity of rice was high and stable. The upper class of the tenant farmers gradually became commodity-producing farmers. They tried to make the Tsuchidas accept the decrease of the Tsuchidas' shares through decreasing farm rents. Consequently, a tenancy dispute broke ont in 1928. However, this dispute resulted in the defeat of the tenant farmers. (D) 1930-1936; The productivity of rice became unstable. After the economic depression of 1930, the Tsuchidas began to claim to pay unpaid farm rents and to return some parts of land lended by them. The tenant farmers, however, maintained their shares till then by means of delaying to pay some parts of farm rents. (E) 1937-1945 ; The productivity of rice increased again. The commodity production of the tenant farmers increased moreover and tenancy disputes broke out again in 1937-1940. But under the wartime system these disputes were suppressed by the authorities. On the other hand, they also eroded the base of the Tsuchidas' management through the agricultural policy under that system. Therefore the Tsuchidas' possession of land decreased rapidly after 1941.
- 政治経済学・経済史学会の論文
- 1977-01-20