経済のグローバル化と地域企業の国際化(<特集>グローバル時代の地域経済)
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概要
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Japanese business enterprises (corporations) are nowadays closely involved in international activities, and domestic and international businesses are inseparable. In this article it is taken as given and no particular analysis is intended. The focus in this article is to examine whether, or to what extent, such globalization extends to local corporations, with specific regard to firms located in Kagoshima Prefecture. To state the end result in a nutshell, involvement of Kagoshima-based firms in international trade is about half of total Japan's per-capita average, and foreign direct investment is still extremely limited. Export of goods produced in Kagoshima includes electrical and other general machinery for sure, but much of it is the products manufactured by factories or subsidiaries under control of corporations located outside Kagoshima Prefecture. Export items which the local firms can claim originality are mostly food products, which in general Japan's international competitiveness is not great. This state of affairs precludes many of the incentives for direct foreign investment, such as establishment of foreign sales subsidiaries, foreign manufacturing to avoid import restrictions by foreign governments, local foreign manufacturing to reduce transportation costs, avoidance of protectionism by foreign governments, or avoidance of foreign-exchange fluctuations. During 1986 through 2005, some 40 foreign direct investment cases are found, but examination of such cases reveals that most are very small in scale. However, about half dozen of them are seen as based on special or unique technologies and may be expected or have potential to grow in future. Kagoshima-based firms are certainly not too much involved in international investment, but seeds in that direction are found and care to foster the potential will have to be taken.
- 鹿児島国際大学の論文