宗教と理性 : 宗教学ノート

概要

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Man can form cognitive knowledge of his own experiences through thought. However, as cognitive knowledge about the future is limited (especially regarding death), it causes him uneasiness. In addition, man also has moral knowledge concerning human relations, but finds it impossible to act in perfect accordance with that knowledge. The function of religion is to resolve the conflict brought about by the practice of reason. Religion brings an unifying harmony to such a chaotic situation. Man is either conscious of his suffering, or not. If he is not conscious of it, we can say that he is in a primitive religious situation, as is the case with animism. If he is conscious of it, he is capable of mental awareness up to a point where he can reach true salvation, which is seen in the sophisticated religions, such as Christianity and Buddhism. The function of reason is also to give unity and harmony. But reason has various phases. The unifying function of cognitive and moral reasoning is limited. However, Kant argues that the concepts of ideas (Ideen)-ego, world and God-ego are postulated as a result of cognitive reasoning; these concepts have a comprehensive unifying function over cognitive and moral reason. Religion and reason are alike in how they both attempt to reconcile contradictions.
文教大学女子短期大学部の論文