Avian diversity of riparian deciduous, lowland, broadleaved forest in Hokkaido, Japan : a comparative study of habitats and seasons
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概要
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Two bird communities of streamside and upland habitats in deciduous broadleaved forest along the Mamachi River in south-western Hokkaido, Japan, were compared during winter and summer. In winter, the habitats did not differ significantly in three avian community indices: the number of bird individuals, the number of bird species, and bird species diversity (Shannon's function). In contrast, in summer all of the community indices were significantly higher in the streamside than the upland habitat. This difference was caused by the arrival of larger numbers of summer migrants such as Asian Brown Flycatcher Muscicapa latirostris, Eastern Crowned warbler Phylloscopus coronatus, Black-faced Bunting Emberiza spodocephala, and Short-tailed Bush Warbler Cettia squameiceps, and by the increase of the residents such as Eurasian Nuthatch Sitta europaea, into the streamside habitat than in the upland area. Seasonal changes of niche (habitat and food) diversity for birds may contribute to the above differences between two avian communities.
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