IGTC-78 Development of a Small, High-Response Mixed-Flow Turbine for Turbochargers(Session C-8 TURBOCHARGERS)

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In recent years, turbocharging technologies for passenger cars have progressed significantly. However, "Turbo Lag" is still one of the most important problems in turbocharging technologies. In order to improve response to acceleration, it is effective to reduce the polar moment of inertia of rotating parts. The turbine rotor designed with small diameter, light weight and high specific-speed contributes toward reducing inertia moment of the rotating parts. On the other hand, the current exhaust gas regulations sacrifice engine output power and fuel consumption. Therefore, turbochargers are required to produce higher boost pressure and efficiency to meet the requirements against those regulations. This requires maximum efficiency at lower velocity ratio than that of radial turbines. A mixed-flow turbine was developed to improve response to acceleration and achieve maximum efficiency at lower velocity ratio. Two different blade shape rotors were manufactured and tested. The blade number of one is 8 (rotor I), the other is 12 (rotor II). The rotor I acceleration time was 15% shorter than the conventional radial turbine. The rotor I achieved a maximum efficiency 76% at a velocity ratio of 0.65, the rotor II attained 78% at 0.64. This paper descries the results of computer analysis results and experimental test data of the mixed-flow turbine for passenger car applications.
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