70(P-51) 青色花色発現機構の細胞レベルでの解明(ポスター発表の部)

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Red through purple to blue flower color is caused by anthocyanins. Wide variety of flower color is developed with few chromophores, anthocyanidins. Thus, mechanisms of color development have been questioned for a log time. Anthocyanidin changes its form and color depending to pH. The equilibrium of those tautomers is affected by not only pH, but concentration of pigments, co-pigments and metal ions. The chemical mechanisms of color development of anthocyanins in vitro are clarified by pH theory, metal-complex theory, co-pigment theory and molecular stacking theory. However, the mechanism in vivo is still unclear. Anthocyanins in flower tissue are located in vacuoles of epidermal cells. To clarify the mechanism of flower color development in living petal cell we measured vacuolar pH by using proton selective microelectrode and the cell color by microspectrophotometry. We also analyzed the organic components and metal ions in the colored cells by micro-HPLC system and atomic absorption spectrometry. Using those methods we studied blue color development of Hydrangea macrophylla, Delphinium. hybridum, Meconopsis grandis, and Phacelia campanularia. On hydrangea micro-analysis method of components was established, and the ratio of each components in colored vacuole was revealed with c.a. 50 cells. The same blue color was reconstructed from the data obtained by those analyses. Blue delphinium petal cells contained blue fibrous mass. Addition of metal ion to the cyanodelphin (major petal pigment) in pH 5 solution did not give the same blue color. But cyanodelphin in pH 8.5 solution showed the same color with the petal. Thus, in vacuole cyanodelphin might be adsorbed with an alkaline compound. Anthocyanin components in blue poppy were cyanidin derivatives. The same blue color to the petal was reconstructed from the isolated anthocyanin and flavonol with Mg^<2+> and Fe^<3+> at pH 5. The blue color solution showed the positive exciton type Cotton effect indicating that it might be a new metalloanthocyanin. Blue phacelia petal contained a new polyacylated anthocyanin. In the petal cell the pigment dissolved but in vitro it gave blue precipitate with/without metal ion at pH 5. There must be some solvating mechanism.
天然有機化合物討論会の論文
2002-09-01

70(P-51) 青色花色発現機構の細胞レベルでの解明(ポスター発表の部)

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