行為選択論

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The present article is mainly devoted to a rather informal exposition of the author's theory of decision making, The theory shares with most of the contemporary theories the following fundamental proposition on decision making : A person chooses among available alternative acts the act that maximizes his subjectively expected utility. An act will be requited with its outcome, and at the moment of making decision, ordinarily some number of alternative outcomes would seem possible for each alternative act. Though which one will turn out to be the real can not be foreseen, the degree of the subjective certainty ordinarity differs among possible outcomes, and is called the subjective probability when the assigned numerical value is normalized so that the sum of the total values amounts to one. The utility is a numerical value assigned to each outcome, the value representing the subjective valuation of the outcome, unique up to linear transformations. Both subjective probability and utility are defined by the proposition stated above, where the subjectively expected utility of an act is the sum of utility of every outcome obtainable by the act multiplied by the corresponding subjective probability, which can be a function to act. ...
北海道大学の論文