現代アルジェリア文学における「アフリカ」の思想 : カテブ・ヤシンの詩的戦略

概要

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An Algerian francophone writer, Kateb Yacine (1929-89), once said: "It is necessary to call ourselves Africans." However, what is the meaning of this claim that he made in 1987, when he was interviewed by a Berber reseacher, Tasssadit Yacine? The issue of this paper is to clarify the extent of "Africa" in Katebian thought in explaining the historical discourses concerning that notion. From the beginning of the twentieth century, some colons in what was then French Colonial Algeria, were trying to reinvent themselves as a new race, "Algerians." This independence-oriented awareness resulted in a literary movement called Algerianisme that insisted on their originality and authenticity as "Roman descendents" in Afrique latine. Kateb Yacine, who, in his early poem had already described the solidarity of colonises in the name of African comrades, dared to exploit the notion of by shifting the identity from the Mediterranean Afrique latine, to the Berbers' Africa of King Jughurta of Numidia and the medieval queen Kahina, who fought against the Roman and Arab conquerors. In his chef-d'oeuvre Nedjma (1956), Kateb implicates the racial mixture of the protagonists' tribe, and leaves its origins ambiguous, which leads "Algerians" into a future nation conserving its plurality and hybridity. Being "Africans" is therefore the ideal figure of the Algerian Nation a venir.
2008-01-28