入眠期の脳波と眼球運動のスペクトル解析の試み
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This paper presents preliminary results of a temporal relationship between slow eye movements (SEMs) and power spectra of EEG and EOG during a hypnagogic state or a transitional state between wakefulness and sleep. The tape-recorded EEG and EOG data were digitized at a rate of 100 samples/second (Δt 10 msec), cosine tapered, and subjected to FFT with a resolution of 0.097Hz (ATAC 450 system). The resulting spectrum of EEG was devided into five frequency bands: delta, theta, alpha, sigma and beta. The spectrum of EOG below 4Hz was devided into four frequency bands. SEMs were visually scored by the EOGs-based phase method, detecting a potential change that was out-of-phase on the right and left eye pens. Spectral analysis of the central EEG characterizes a hypnagogic state as a complex of delta, theta, alpha, and sigma bands. Toward the end of wakefulness or the beginning of EEG stage 1, alpha band shows a slight increase and then an abrupt decrease in power, sometimes being followed by its short-term recovery. This is the case with a high alpha subject, while there are few changes in alpha band power for a low alpha subject; alpha band shows a pronounced individual difference. The increase in power in theta and delta bands are commonly seen after the onset of stage 1. Delta band power develops almost linearly along with the progress of sleep, and theta band is highest at the beginning of stage 1. Delta band is considered as a good index of the progress of sleep. (Fig.3). SEMs are prominent during a transitional state, being characterized as a complex of EEG frequency bands. Temporal parallelism exists between SEMs and EEG delta power; SEMs precede the increase in power in delta band and terminate at the fully development of delta power, as if to foretell the commencement of sleep (Fig.4). EOG power spectra contain two main components corresponding to SEMs and EEG delta waves; the latter intrude into EOGs during slow wave sleep. EOG powers in the region of 0.1 to 1Hz seem to represent changes in wave forms of SEMs. (Fig.5).
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