Improving Outcomes of Childhood Cancers : Cure with a Price

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Cancers in children are uncommon illnesses. In developed countries, malignancies remain the commonest treatable cause of deaths in children. Among the various pathologies, leukaemias, brain tumours and lymphomas are the commonest childhood cancers. Other pathologies such as neuroblastoma, Wilms tumour, hepatoblastoma and retinoblastoma are almost exclusively seen in children only. Despite the variety of diseases and their infrequent occurrence, effective treatments are now available for almost every kind of childhood cancers. Combination chemotherapy has emerged as the mainstay treatment in the majority of cases while surgery plays an important in those cases in which the tumour is less sensitive to drug treatment. The use of radiotherapy is now limited to certain types of cancer. Good supportive care is essential as the immediate complications of treatment can be distressing or lethal. Given the right treatment regimens, 75% of the children diagnosed to have cancers to date are expected to be long-term survivors. While the majority of childhood cancer survivors are expected to lead a normal life, others may be affected by the adverse effects of the cancers or their treatment. Disorders in growth, endocrine function, intellectual function, and the emergence of second malignant neoplasms may hamper the quality or duration of survival. Thus, the expanding population of young adult survivors of childhood cancers is becoming a focus for the healthcare providers and industries, of whom their healthcare needs are to be studied and met.
日本保険医学会の論文
2007-12-17

Improving Outcomes of Childhood Cancers : Cure with a Price

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