Simultaneous Accumulation of High Contents of α-Tocopherol and Lutein is Possible in Seeds of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

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Soybean is rich in various functional components such as isoflavones, saponins, tocopherols and sterols that are beneficial to human health. However, the contents of some of these components such as α-tocopherol (α-Toc) and lutein are relatively low in the seeds. Therefore, genetic manipulation to enhance the α-Toc and lutein contents is an important breeding objective in soybean. Recently, we have successfully identified soybean varieties and wild strains with high α-Toc and lutein contents, respectively. In the present investigation, we made a cross between a soybean variety with a high α-Toc content thereafter referred to as a high α-Toc soybean variety, Keszthelyi A.S. (female parent), and a wild soybean strain with a high lutein content thereafter referred to as a high lutein wild soybean strain, B09092 (pollen parent). We analyzed the α-Toc and lutein contents of the F_2 seed and F_2-plant (F_3 seeds) populations by a single-pass method for extraction and quantification, using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The α-Toe content of the F_2 seeds ranged from 1.0 to 6.0mg/100g meal, whereas that of the high α-Toc parent, var. Keszthelyi A.S. varied from 4.27 to 6.43mg/100g meal, and that of the wild soybean parent, B09092 ranged from 1.74 to 2.30mg/100g meal. The lutein content of the F_2 seeds ranged from 0.1 to 4.0mg/100g meal, while that of the var. Keszthelyi A.S. from 0.19 to 0.42mg/100g meal, and that of the high lutein parent, B09092 from 2.48 to 3.50mg/100g meal. Broad-sense heritability for the α-Toc and lutein contents in the F_2 seeds was estimated to be 0.598 and 0.656, respectively. In the F_2-plants (F_3 seeds), the broad-sense heritabilities were 0.693 for the α-Toc content and 0.824 for the lutein content, respectively. The heritabilities in a narrow sense for the α-Toc and lutein contents in the F_2 seeds were 0.598 and 0.413, respectively. In the F_2-plants (F_3 seeds), the estimates were 0.693 and 0.718, respectively. The results suggested that both high α-Toc and lutein contents are highly heritable. A significant positive correlation was observed between the α-Toc and lutein contents both in the F_2 seeds (r=0.420, P<0.01) and in the F_2-plants (F_3 seeds)(r=0.228, P<0.01). In addition, a significant positive genetic correlation was observed between the α-Toc and lutein traits in the F_2-plants (F_3 seeds)(r_G=0.311, P<0.01). No correlation was observed between the 100-kernel weight and lutein content in the F_2-plants (F_3 seeds). Likewise no correlation was obtained between the 100-kernel weight and α-Toc content. These results indicate that it is possible to simultaneously select individuals among the progenies with high contents of lutein and α-Toc without decreasing the kernel weight of the seeds.
日本育種学会の論文

Simultaneous Accumulation of High Contents of α-Tocopherol and Lutein is Possible in Seeds of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

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