海上とシミュレータにおける距離感およびその教示効果について

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In recent years, various kinds of maritime simulator have been set up to education, training and research organizations, and they are took the advantage in various fields of the maritime education, training and research. Also at present the possibility to substitute the embarkation career as a seafarer for the maritime simulator training are examined. However from the viewpoint of ergonomics and human information processing, there are many problems that should be solved, before the cadet who have a little career as a seafarer are trained by means of the virtual reality system called the maritime visual simulator. For example, how should trainee has an experience of ship's maneuvering and which degree or how should trainee get the cognitive distance to another ship? If we could investigate and solve those problems, the simulator training and training on board become more effective for the seafarer. When navigator maneuvers the vessel, he needs much information through his five senses. In the five senses the sight of sense has 80% of all information, besides in the sight of sense it is said that the "distance" information is the most important things in the judgment standard of risk of collision. In this paper, we describe the experimental results of two cognitive distances, one distance was took from the simulator experiment and the other from the real ship experiment on the sea. At last, we recommend that trainee should have the correct cognitive distance before maritime simulator training and for the safety of navigation it is necessary that navigator recognize the correct distance to another ship by means of Radar. and as a result of consideration we show the following things; (1) When the trainee's height of eye is not different from his usual height of eye on board and the trainee has a lot of embarkation career as a able seaman, the visual simulator is regarded as a most effective and valuable training instrument. (2) When the trainee's height of eye is different from his usual height of eye on board, it is attention that the trainee's cognitive distance has influence of the experimental and memorized distance, become incorrect. (3) The seafarer's cognitive distance from own ship to another ship has an influence of the angle between a horizontal line and a waterline of another ship. (4) The instruction of distance is effective to be correct cognitive distance for any trainee in simulator.
社団法人日本航海学会の論文
2001-03-25

海上とシミュレータにおける距離感およびその教示効果について

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