X 線値を基準にした皮脂厚計による測定値の精度

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In accordance with the quartiles in the distribution of subcutaneous fat measurements, a total of 96 male and 82 female college students, aged between 18 and 22, were divided into three groups (an excessive group, normal group and lean group) on the basis of the pre-test on subcutaneous fat accumulation. Four different body sites of the sample subjects were chosen for subcutaneous fat measurement. The four body sites were forearm, posterrior and anterior upper arm, and posterior lower leg. Three measuring instruments, two types of pinch-calipers and soft X-ray films, were employed for this research. In order to determine the accuracy of pinch-calipers' method on subcutaneous fat, the values measured by the pinch-calipers were compared with the ones by the soft X-ray films. The following observations were made from the results: 1) Regarding the measurement of subcutaneous fat, the coefficients of correlation between the two calipers were quite high (r≧0.96). However, the subcutaneous fat measurements at different body sites were relatively different from each other (differences were 0.3 mm and lower). These differences seemed to occur due to either the tension of the skin surface or the compressibility of the tissue when the pinch-calipers were likely to create some exertion on the skins. 2) Reliability of the X-ray films method was very high for the excessive group (r>0.99 in all sites). For the male subjects of lean group, however, the reliability was relatively lower than the other groups (0.91≦r≦0.98). 3) Skinfold measurements taken by the two calipers were smaller than the doubled values of the X-ray film readings. Comparing the X-ray values, measured values by the calipers varied from 50% to 95% at the four different sites of the body. 4) The constant pressure (10 g/mm^2) presumedly exerted by the calipers tended to compress a greater amount (in the absolute value) of both skin and subcutaneous fat in females than in males. For the summed value of the four sites, a compressed pressure by the calipers on the tissue was estimated approximately 10 mm for the males, whereas the value for females was approximately 20 mm. Thus, the greater amount of subcutaneous fat accumulation in females tended to be expressed more conservatively when the measurements were taken by the calipers. 5) Due to the extremely wide range in the distribution of subcutaneous fat measurements, the coefficients of correlation between the calipers values and the X-ray values may be said to be spuriously high (0.78≦r≦0.94) when they were computed for the samples taken from the entire population. When computed within the homogeneous group, these coefficients of correlation were much lower (0.37≦r≦0.89). Especially within the group having the smallest range of variance in these measurements, where the greater part of the normal population belongs to, these correlation were considerably low. Therefore, when the total body fat is estimated on the basis of the pinch-calipers, it is important to keep in mind that some individuals may find his or her total body fat to be estimated excessively high or low.
順天堂大学の論文

著者

吉儀宏
順天堂大学

X 線値を基準にした皮脂厚計による測定値の精度

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